American businesses are on notice: To be competitive in today’s market, you must diversify your workforce.

One way to widen the talent pool is to pay closer attention to people who have acquired their skills through alternative routes. Millions of Americans learn on the job, in community colleges, at boot camps, or through life experience. According to Opportunity@Work, more than 70 million Americans are overlooked because of degree requirements. Despite their abilities, these “STARs” (those who are skilled through alternative routes) find themselves stuck in jobs for which they’re overqualified and underpaid.

Opportunity@Work, an innovative social enterprise, reached out to IDEO to help collaborate with companies, talent developers, and STARs seeking career growth. To make this overlooked talent pool more visible, we created a campaign and video to rally companies. We also designed a data dashboard to help regional employer networks identify qualified talent and potential partnerships with skill-building programs. And to provide STARs with direct support, we scaffolded the job-seeking experience, focusing on key moments like the interview process.

It’s time for businesses searching for talent to open their eyes, look to the STARs, and see what they’re missing.

83% of HR professionals said they had difficulty finding suitable candidates in the past 12 months.

62% of Black people, 55% of Hispanic people, and 50% of non-Hispanic white people have become skilled through alternative routes, such as community college, workforce training, boot camps, certification programs, military service, or job experience.

Over the past 40 years, inflation-adjusted wages have increased 8% for college graduates with a bachelor’s degree while decreasing by 15% for people with only a high school degree.

Thousands

of state jobs in Maryland no longer require a four-year college degree

skills-based

The White House is adjusting educational requirements for I.T. professionals in favor of a skills-based approach

For many organizations, frontline workers like grocery store clerks, nurses, hospitality workers, and transit employees are an essential part of doing business.

So much so that they continued to show up at the office throughout the COVID-19 pandemic even as everyone else went remote. As the point of contact with customers and key systems, these workers often know exactly when, where, and why things don’t work, and they come up with powerful hacks and workarounds to make things better. Yet these insights and innovations rarely make it to the corporate office. And that’s a problem: large organizations often hire design and innovation consulting firms while not taking advantage of a latent source of deep, in-house expertise. It’s equally discouraging to workers who would gladly share their ideas if they were only asked. No surprise, then, that frontline workers are quitting their jobs in droves.

What could companies learn by listening?

IDEO partnered with the Ford Foundation to create the Worker Voice Design Lab, where leaders from a port authority, an airline, and a health care provider worked alongside frontline workers. That led to the planting of a seed of innovation in each organization, with interventions designed with and by workers implemented operationally at the core of the business. In one case, a group of workers zeroed in on specific problems with such clarity that they were quickly able to develop a digital prototype for testing. No one was less surprised than the workers themselves, who simply said: Well, nobody ever asked us before. Sometimes the most innovative idea a leader can have is to listen, learn, and act on their employee’s smart ideas.

A large portion of the job churn since March 2020 has been concentrated in frontline services such as accommodation, food services, and retail.

Lack of career growth is the number one reason people leave their jobs according to more than 18,000 frontline workers across 150 companies.

2 pilot initiatives

being led by frontline workers in 2022

The climate era demands new offers and new ways of working.

Would you like to be able to plug your jigsaw into your truck? How about taking a fully reclined snooze after a long day of fishing? Questions like these led to quick prototypes that ended up in Ford’s new, electrified F-150 truck, which has more outlets than the average apartment and can power your entire home. This was no small update. The way Ford reimagined the truck experience from powertrain to power nap is emblematic of how much customer-centricity is now embedded in Ford’s culture.

For well over a decade, we’ve partnered with Ford in the U.S., the EU, and China to help the organization bring to life a shared vision of the future of mobility. Together we scaled new capabilities throughout the company by running proof-of-concept “beacon” projects and, to embed this new customer-centric mindset, built a human-centered-design hub called D-Ford. This organization within the organization has become a magnet for talent and is spread across six global locations: London, Shanghai, Melbourne, São Paulo, Palo Alto, and Detroit. Ford’s commitment to serving the needs of people and the planet is what propelled the rethink of the F-150, the best-selling vehicle in the U.S. for over 40 years. It was a high-stakes move, and one that represents a major turning point for the automaker: For the first time, its primary profit source would be electric. The new Lightning is still built Ford tough, but also built for the future.‍

Passenger vehicles produced 41% of carbon dioxide emissions worldwide in 2020.

One in every 20 passenger vehicles sold in the United States is a Ford F-150.

Before going electric, the Ford F-150 emitted about 100 tons of CO₂ over a 200,000-mile lifespan.

200,000

pre-orders of the electric F-150 truck, named one of Time's Best Inventions of 2021

Most Innovative Design Company of 2022

according to Fast Company

America’s leading retailers share a common goal—doing less harm to the planet.

The systemic challenges standing in the way require a bold new approach, and no single company can solve them alone. So Closed Loop Partners convened a group consisting of founding partners CVS Health, Target, and Walmart, along with 12 other leading retailers. As the innovation partner, IDEO helped launch a global search for breakthrough sustainable ideas that yielded more than 450 submissions from startups and entrepreneurs to reinvent the single-use plastic retail bag, with nine finalists entering a six-month accelerator.

New alternatives ranged from biodegradable solutions to systems that kept reusable bags in rotation. IDEO teams not only facilitated collaboration between startups and sustainability leads from partner retailers, but also provided a boost of additional expertise from industrial, data, and business designers. In a matter of months, teams were able to launch prototypes in select CVS Health, Target, and Walmart stores in California and New Jersey.

Everyone involved in the consortium knew that replacing single-use plastic retail bags is a problem that won’t be solved quickly or easily. But the Beyond the Bag challenge helped them learn that designing for the policy and infrastructure of tomorrow requires tangible steps, taken together, today.

A hundred billion plastic bags are used in the US every year, and less than 10% of them are recycled.

Every year, plastic retail bags are among the top ten items found on beaches and waterways worldwide.

9

stores tested solutions across Northern California

Millions of dollars

raised by two startups

2

startups acknowledged by Fast Company's World Changing Ideas Awards

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In one sentence, who are you?

A queer, shapeshifting, creative cat mama with a big heart.

What do you do? How did you learn it?

I am currently an illustrator and a textile designer. When I was a kid, I used to draw little doodles on dinner napkins and give one to everyone at the table. I loved sharing my art with everyone.

When I was around six, my mom enrolled me in a summer program at The Baum School of Art in Pennsylvania. There, I learned all the technical aspects of drawing and painting. I went to Baum every summer for 10 years. Then I got an academic scholarship to Pratt Institute.

The next thing I knew, I was living in Brooklyn and working my ass off. During my senior year, I focused my thesis on textile design. I always liked the idea of bringing my designs off the page and applying them to T-shirts, pillows, hats, chairs, bedding, etc.

I graduated in 2015, and a few of my friends from college and I started Fem Foundry. One of the best things about art school is getting your work critiqued by your peers, and the Foundry lets us continue that. Plus, we do a lot of other fun things, like organizing drink and draws, having gallery shows, and tabling at art fairs.

Like many other twenty-somethings, I had to start paying rent after school. I worked a few odd jobs—did branding for local restaurants, taught painting classes, designed event posters, and helped out at an animation studio. There were many times when I had no idea what I was doing, but I’m a big believer in fake it 'til you make it.

About a year after graduation, I landed a job as a textile designer at Deborah Connolly Designs, a small company in Midtown Manhattan. I went into the interview clueless about the industry, and now, two years later, I can tell you everything you could possibly want to know about designing bath towels, beach towels, kitchen towels—really any kind of towel.

3 favorite possessions?

1. The first and only quilt I ever made
2. A white gold locket my mother gave me with our pictures in it
3. My black denim Fem Foundry jacket that I decked out with pins and patches and my eyeglass collection

What does a typical work session look like?

Right now, I’m designing beach towels for next summer. There’s usually some sort of inspiration or color story for the designs, and then it begins! I work primarily on a Wacom drawing tablet with either Photoshop, Illustrator, or Nedgraphics. Most designs go through a few revisions before I send them out for production.

When I’m illustrating at home, I like using traditional mediums like gouache paint and charcoal pencil. I also enjoy playing around on my iPad in Procreate. It’s exciting what technology is bringing to the table for creative people.

I’m a total podcast junkie while working. Some of my favorites are Reply All, Freakonomics Radio, On Being, Revisionist History, Lovett It or Leave It, Nancy, Death, Sex & Money. If I sit in silence, I tend to overthink things; listening to something keeps my momentum going, and it’s a great way to track how long I’ve been working on a project.

How do you get over creative block?

At work, I’ll just start a new design in order to keep the juices flowing, and then when I’m in my groove, the trickier designs come more easily. With painting and illustrating, I try to step away and come back to it later, or sometimes I flip a drawing backwards or upside-down so I can see it from a new perspective.

What was the last item on your to do list?

Buy cat food at the bodega.

How do you see the world in 2078?

Technology is going to change everything. Hopefully, by 2078, old, white, male Republicans won't be calling all the shots in politics, and there will be peace and happiness among all races and religions.

What’s your number one bucket list item?

Scuba diving in the Great Barrier Reef.

Who are you creative crushin’ on lately?

Oooh… Lauren Callaghan is amazing. She’s such a talented illustrator, I’m very into her use of patterns and bright colors. The designer Ramey Masri is mind blowing, he runs the Instagram @space.ram. Everything is rainbows— everything. I bought some silkscreen prints from Natalie Andrewson at MoCCA Fest a few weeks ago and hung them by my desk. It makes me happy to look at them. I also love Oliver Hibert. His graphic, funkadelic paintings are amazing. But honestly, I’m constantly creative crushin’ on all the talented members of Fem Foundry. I’m so thankful to have them as my friends; they are such an inspiration.

Check out their work on Instagram; or on Facebook.

Cassandra and I first met when we were young, poor, and living in Bed Stuy. As I floundered, she settled into what would become her long-term home. Her art connected her to the people around her, first as a student, then as a freelancer painting murals and business logos for neighbors, and, most recently, as a founder of a local women's art collective called Fem Foundry. Cassandra's work is unflinchingly bright, peculiar, and accessible, even when life and Brooklyn are not. I'll let her take it from here:

But to-do lists aren’t all bad. To-do lists let me capture things so I don’t stress out over having to hold it all in my brain. To-do lists let me see everything in one place. They’re a necessary evil.

So as much as I dislike to-do lists, I need to have one. There are a billion to-do list apps and methods out there, and I think I’ve tried 900 million of them. My favorite was David Allen’s paper-based Getting Things Done. But I constantly fell off the wagon. When I organized my tasks with GTD, I was damn organized—but every time the system fell apart, I not only lost sight of the big picture, I felt guilty, too.

So after a lot of ups and downs, I started doing my own simplified, imperfect thing. I’ve been using my system for a while now, and figured I might share it in case it’s useful to others. Yes, I know, another to-do list system! But you clicked on this story, so maybe you need one.

I call my system the “Burner List”

I’ll explain the name in a sec, but FYI, it has nothing to do with Burning Man. Basically it’s a simple-as-hell to-do list designed to force me to prioritize.

The Burner List is not perfect. It won’t keep track of every detail, or help you juggle a million projects. But that’s exactly the point. The Burner List is intentionally limited—and therefore focused. Here’s how to make one:

1. MAKE TWO TALL COLUMNS

You can fold the paper, draw a line down the middle, or just eyeball it. Precision is unimportant. What is important is the metaphor you’ve just created: Left = front burner. Right = back burner.

2. PUT YOUR MOST IMPORTANT PROJECT ON THE FRONT BURNER

You are allowed to have one and only one project on the front burner. Not two, not three — just one. In the top left-hand corner, write the name of your most important project and underline it. Then list the to-dos for your top project — any task you can do in the next few days to move it forward.

3. LEAVE SOME COUNTER SPACE

Leave the rest of the first column empty. The Burner List is not intended to make an efficient use of the damned paper surface area — it’s intended to make good use of your time and energy! The blank space gives you room to add more tasks for the top project, but, just as important, extra visual space makes it easier to focus on the important stuff.

4. PUT YOUR SECOND MOST IMPORTANT PROJECT ON THE BACK BURNER

In the top of the right-hand column, write the name of your second most important project and underline it, then write related to-dos underneath.

5. MAKE A KITCHEN SINK

Finally, about halfway down the right-hand column, list any miscellaneous tasks that you need to do but don’t fit with project 1 or project 2. It doesn’t matter if they’re part of project 3 or 4, they just get chucked into the kitchen sink with everything else. Yes, this goes counter to all organizational and productivity advice — but by constraining the space and attention you give to other stuff, you'll help yourself spend your time well.

Now get cooking

Imagine there was a chef standing to the left of your page. He’ll naturally focus most of his attention on the front burner. He’s aware of the back burner, and sometimes he stirs a pot or flips a pancake back there, but the front burner is where the action is.

The Burner List is intentionally limited. It won’t have room for everything. You’ll have to let go of things that aren’t as important.

The Burner List is also disposable. It gets stale fast as you cross off finished to-dos. I “burn” through my list every few days and then recreate it, over and over. This act of recreation is important, because I always discard some unfinished tasks that no longer matter, and I reconsider what belongs on the front burner right now. Sometimes it’ll be a work project, sometimes it’ll be a personal project—over time, I’ve realized that it’s okay and natural for the spotlight to shift. What’s important is there can only be one most important project a time.

To learn more about Jake's methods, subscribe to his newsletter here.

Man, I hate to-do lists. Checking off finished tasks feels good, but the glow of accomplishment masks an ugly truth: Most to-dos are just reactions to other people’s priorities, not mine. And no matter how many tasks I finish, I’m never done — more to-dos are always waiting to take their place. To-do lists just perpetuate the feeling of “unfinishedness” that dogs modern life.

1. Embrace Randomness

On my 20-minute walk to work, I'll use chance to determine my route. "Don't walk" sign? Cross the other way. See a dog? Walk on that side of the street. Does the time of day end with an odd number? Make a right. I won't walk the wrong way, of course, but I'll use random cues to make myself choose different paths so I'm forced to notice new things along the way.

I also use my commute to connect with strangers in small but meaningful ways. I make sure to give a warm, real "hello" to bus drivers—no earbuds, please! Compliment well-dressed people on their style choices. Flirt with outgoing dogs to get their owners to smile. Thank people cleaning the streets for keeping things tidy for the rest of us. Little things like this make a city feel more like a small town. —Annette Ferrara, IDEO Chicago

2. Ride with Strangers

I'm new to the San Francisco Bay Area and I'm finding the "casual carpool" here a total novelty. It's essentially organized hitchhiking. You arrive at the designated carpool stop and wait your turn as two to three people at a time hop into strangers’ cars. The incentive for drivers is being able to use the HOV lane, which requires a minimum of three passengers and can shave 30 minutes off your commute.

There are very strict, unwritten rules for casual carpool: You don't make conversation unless the driver initiates, you don't eat or wear too much perfume, and you absolutely don’t take phone calls. The default radio station is NPR. You offer the driver a dollar at the end of the ride for gas.

At first, I thought it was so weird that people don’t talk, but now I like the quiet ride. Every now and then, I'll jump into a car and we’ll have conversation for 20 minutes as we cross the Bay Bridge. I like this too; connecting with strangers on my way to work is a great way to start the day.

If there isn’t a casual carpooling option in your city, look into organizing one for yourself. —Maria Scileppi, IDEO San Francisco

3. Spin with Your Inner DJ

One era of music that’s splendid fun is early ’90s—rave, jungle, techno, happy hardcore, etc. Much of this music was written using software called a "tracker." With trackers, you can enter notes using a standard computer keyboard.

Fast forward to modern times, and I find that a new tracker has been developed—RENOISE—that works the same way as trackers of old, but with modern-day functionality. Well, I had to have a go on that.

I installed it on my work laptop and now spend my journey home lost in the sounds of chopped Amen breaks, 808 and 909 hits, and rude-boy vocals. There's a lot to learn in terms of production techniques, sound design, and arrangements.

I start a new track each trip; these are my "train tracks." I find a great deal of enjoyment in seeing where they end up after the hour-long ride, but then I'm happy to abandon them. There's always tomorrow. —Iain Smyth, IDEO London

4. Unplug and Observe

I walk 10 minutes to the ferry building, take a 15-minute ferry ride across the river, and then walk 25 minutes to the office. I used to fill all that time listening to podcasts, checking email, surfing Facebook, or otherwise trying to get a head start on my day—which meant I'd developed a bad habit of looking at my phone while walking.

One day, I decided to end the habit for safety's sake. With my phone now tucked away during my commute, that time is spent letting my mind wander, observing my surroundings, and pondering the day ahead. The result is that I feel more prepared for my day mentally and energetically. I’m less frazzled and magically seem to have more down time. —Anna Silverstein, IDEO New York

5. Work Your Muscles, Free Your Mind

I bike to work because it's an easy way to build in regular exercise without having to carve out special time. It's a 30-minute ride each way.

I often have lightbulb moments and am able to connect the dots around things happening at work or in my personal life. There's something about the intense focus of weaving through traffic while letting thoughts percolate in the background that works for me.

For example, earlier this year, a large education company in India reached out to IDEO to talk about collaborating. On our call, it didn’t seem like a great opportunity for partnership, but then on my evening commute home, the dots connected.

I called the company back the next day to propose a program that would bring together the strengths of both our organizations (IDEO U's curriculum expertise and the partner company’s established marketing and distribution channels) to provide a great executive education experience for the Indian market. —Danoosh Kapadia, IDEO San Francisco

6. Get in the Right Headspace

I walk eight minutes to the 2nd Avenue subway and then take a 16-minute ride to Canal Street. I've been meditating every day for a few years, and this year I decided to listen to guided meditations on my commute.

I typically choose from a selection of meditations by Sarah Blondin on the Insight Timer app. Most are about 10 minutes long. She has a wonderful voice, and I select based on my mood. Usually, I choose something to pick up, reaffirm, or inspire me. Sometimes she nearly brings me to tears, but usually she just helps me be more present.

Listening to guided meditations while commuting has made me more mindful of my surroundings, more compassionate toward my fellow commuters, and generally calmer. —Caitlin Fitzmaurice, IDEO.org, New York

Next time you find yourself staring into space on the way to work, try one of these techniques to reboot your commute.

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What were you doing at 8:30 this morning? If you’re like me, you were slogging through the least fun part of your day. The average employee spends nearly 53 minutes a day getting to and from work, but you don’t have to sit there feeling miserable. There are all sorts of creative ways to wring positivity out of your daily grind.

I asked IDEO designers and other creatives for their commuting best practices. Here are the top six:

With this in mind, we selected key interaction moments from our client's current product. Then we prototyped three distinct new directions—usability experiences we were excited to bring to their industry. These experiments, we hoped, would spark an early conversation that was less about “we need to do this” and more about “what if we do that?”

Kickoff day arrived and we shared the prototypes with the client.

Cue uncomfortable silence.

Then, finally, one of the executives exclaimed, “This is mind blowing! This could be the future of our product.” He was not applauding the user interface or visual style we used to illustrate our idea, but the essence of what the experience did for him. An excited conversation followed and he wanted to share his own design ideas.

It doesn't always go this way. Early prototyping entails plenty of risk, too. What if you've been blind to user needs? What if the client just doesn't see the magic?

Here are 4 steps you should consider when creating early prototypes:

1. Take advantage of your fresh perspective

Before diving into industry or product constraints, take a step back and imagine if there were no limits to what you could design. What would that look like?

2. Identify what excites you and the team

What personally inspires you to be on this project and how can that be translated into the experience? Don't over think it. Take one key interaction from the current experience and add something unexpected to it. This is an opportunity to test initial assumptions with a beginner’s mind and generate radically new ideas.

3. Translate your excitement into prototypes (with content your client understands)

Use your client's current product content as a starting point. Having something they can easily recognize and understand is a great way to bring them into a design conversation. Don't think about creating long flows at this early stage. Imagine your prototype as a teaser to a product that is about to come to life and focus on key interaction moments.

4. Highlight where your client sees design opportunities

Quick prototypes are a great way to tackle hopes and fears and learn, from a usability point of view, where your client sees design opportunities at a very early stage of the project—so you don't head off in the wrong direction.

And above all, remember: A sense of excitement and momentum shared by you and the client on the very first day gives your team an important confidence boost. It helps set expectations, and gets everyone inspired to push to a new level.

For a recent design project, we decided to try something new. We were tasked with rebuilding a product experience, but instead of starting with our usual process where we gather inspiration, we thought: What if we share a prototype we are really excited about with the client right away? Just jump in.

I help organizations cut through complexity by shaping how they show up, through brand strategy, identity, and storytelling.

Working at the intersection of brand and business, I bring an editorial eye and a bias toward making—turning ideas into tangible experiences that people can understand, trust, and believe in.

My work spans government, healthcare, financial services, media, and consumer goods, from launching Gen Z-focused ventures to building innovation labs and reimagining legacy brands. I relish moments of ambiguity and enjoy translating across teams, perspectives, and priorities to move ideas forward.

I started my career in editorial and digital design, shaping cross-platform experiences and identity systems in publishing and agency environments. That foundation still shapes how I work today: I’m detail-oriented, collaborative, and overreliant on the Oxford comma. I hold a BFA in Visual Communication from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.

For 25 years, I've asked the same question: Who does this design exclude—and what are we going to do about it?

My work spans human-centered strategy, inclusive design, and qualitative research, with clients ranging from Microsoft, Google, and Verizon to the National Science Foundation, and San Francisco Unified School District.

Before IDEO, I taught elementary school in East Palo Alto and spent a decade doing design work with social service organizations—where I learned firsthand what it costs people when systems are built without them in mind.

I am currently writing User Error, a nonfiction book about digital access and the design decisions behind it. I live in Oakland, California.

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My expertise spans brand, communication, and product design across tech, education, the arts, and social impact.

I believe great work demands both high-level vision and obsessive attention to detail, and only happens through collaboration.

I bring an inclusive, hands-on approach and a deep understanding of business, which enables me to consistently deliver excellence while always asking why.

Before joining IDEO, I worked at the brand firms Pentagram and VSA Partners. I began my career as a designer, leading teams at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and the Milwaukee Art Museum. I hold an MFA in graphic design from Maryland Institute College of Art and a BFA in communication design from the Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design, and have taught at some of the best design schools in the US.

I am responsible for IDEO’s long-term success in China and working with clients to use design as a tool to enable growth. Specifically, I have helped Chinese companies design holistic brand solutions through the development of their products, communication, services, and innovation teams, and I have helped multinationals expand their presence and influence in China.

I advise global leaders on developing China-led innovation and capabilities.

In over 15 years in IDEO Shanghai, I have worked on projects that use design to elevate the quality of the experience of healthcare products and services, streamline processes that increase productivity, create spaces and programs that promote and enable inclusive communities, and build next generation mobility solutions that are planet-positive.

Before joining IDEO, I worked at Philips Electronics and the Electrolux Group in Italy, the Netherlands, and Singapore on a number of breakthrough commercial products. I am a member of the Young President Organization in Shanghai.